"Bilseydim yardım edebilirdim." "Erken çıksaydık belki treni yakalardık." Geçmişin hayalinde sonuç her zaman kesin değildir; o zaman would have'in yerine could have ya da might have gelir.
1Üç sonuç
KESİN
If I had known,Iwould have helped
YAPABİLİRDİM
If I had known,Icould have helped
BELKİ
If we had left earlier,wemight have caught the train
Bilseydim yardım ederdim.
If I had known, I would have helped.
Bilseydim yardım edebilirdim.
If I had known, I could have helped.
Erken çıksaydık belki treni yakalardık.
If we had left earlier, we might have caught the train.
Kibarca sorsaydın belki kabul ederlerdi.
They might have agreed if you had asked nicely.
Yapı üçünde de aynı: yardımcı + have + üçüncü hâl. have hep yalın kalır: could had olmaz.
2Olumsuz ve günlük örnekler
Orada olsaydı hiçbir şey yapamazdı.
If he had been there, he couldn't have done anything.
Yağmur yağmasaydı belki plaja giderdik.
If it hadn't rained, we might have gone to the beach.
Beni arasaydın seni alabilirdim.
If you had called me, I could have picked you up.
Olumsuzda couldn't have (yapamazdı) ve might not have (belki olmazdı).
3Sıra sana
Önce kendin kur, sonra altındaki cevaplara bak.
- Bilseydim gelebilirdim.
- Daha dikkatli olsaydın belki kazanırdın.
- Taksiye binseydik geç kalmazdık. (kesin)
- Bana sorsaydın yardım edebilirdim.
Cevaplar: If I had known, I could have come. · If you had been more careful, you might have won. · If we had taken a taxi, we wouldn't have been late. · If you had asked me, I could have helped.
Sık yapılan hatalar
✗If I had known, I can have helped.
✓If I had known, I could have helped.
Geçmiş hayalde could.
✗If I had known, I could had helped.
✓If I had known, I could have helped.
Yardımcıdan sonra have.
✗If he had come, he might enjoyed it.
✓If he had come, he might have enjoyed it.
have düşmez.