"Konuştuğum kişi çok yardımcı oldu." Konuşmada: The person I spoke to was very helpful. Resmî bir mektupta: The person to whom I spoke was very helpful. Aynı cümle; fark, to'nun yerinde.
1Sonda mı, başta mı?
KONUŞMA
the personI spoke to
YAZI
the personto whomI spoke
| Konuşma (sonda) | Resmî yazı (başta) |
|---|---|
| the person I spoke to | the person to whom I spoke |
| the house I grew up in | the house in which I grew up |
| the tools we worked with | the tools with which we worked |
| the friend I told you about | the friend about whom I told you |
| the company she works for | the company for which she works |
Türkçede bu kelimeler yoktur, ek vardır: konuştuğum kişi, büyüdüğüm ev. Asıl zorluk to, in, with'i hatırlamak ve doğru yere koymak.
2Başa gidince üç kural
| Kural | Örnek |
|---|---|
| kişi için whom | to whom, with whom ( |
| şey için which; that olmaz | in which ( |
| whom / which düşmez | the person to whom I spoke ( |
Görüştüğüm kişi son derece yardımcı oldu.
The person to whom I spoke was very helpful.
Büyüdüğüm ev artık yok.
The house in which I grew up is gone.
Çalıştığımız aletler eskiydi.
The tools with which we worked were old.
Raporun gönderildiği kurul cevap vermedi.
The committee to which the report was sent has not replied.
3Sıra sana
Resmî yazıya çevir, sonra altındaki cevaplara bak.
- the city I was born in
- the man I work with
- the topic we talked about
- the people I sent the letter to
Cevaplar: the city in which I was born · the man with whom I work · the topic about which we talked · the people to whom I sent the letter
Sık yapılan hatalar
✗the person to who I spoke
✓the person to whom I spoke
to'dan sonra whom.
✗the house in that I grew up
✓the house in which I grew up
in'den sonra that gelmez.
✗the house in which I grew up in
✓the house in which I grew up
in iki kez kullanılmaz.